Rouges Truites lake discovery circuit

Avec nos besoins en bois croissants et le réchauffement climatique, nos forêts sont-elles en danger? Oui et non. La forêt telle que nous la connaissons évoluera sûrement beaucoup d’ici une centaine d’années. Le réchauffement climatique entraine des changements sur les températures, la disponibilité en eau, la fréquence des catastrophes naturelles, ce qui oblige les forestiers à bien choisir les essences à exploiter, en fonction des secteurs les plus adaptés à leur croissance. En effet, les arbres doivent se développer entre 60 et 120 ans, selon les essences, pour produire du bois de qualité.LE COIN DES ENFANTS Pourquoi dit-on que la forêt est le poumon de laTerre? Lorsque les plantes respirent la journée, elles aspirent le CO2 et rejettent de l’oxygène dans l’atmosphère. La forêt stocke le CO2 dans le sol et tout au long de leur croissance, les arbres stockent le CO2 dans leur bois.. En parallèle, ils filtrent aussi l’eau du sol, grâce à leurs racines.

A widespread conifer in Europe, this tree is the ultimate tree of mountainous regions. Some high-quality wood can be used for lutherie to make soundboards for various instruments (violins, guitars, etc.). However, most of production is used for lumber (construction and woodwork). It is often confused with fir. However, a keen eye will be able to notice a difference in the needles, which are pointed on the spruce and flat and rounded on the fir, or in the position of the cones (fir cones). The spruce’s cones direct downwards at the end of drooping branches, whilst the fir’s cones point upwards at the end of upright branches.

This fragile environment is quite exceptional. Formed as a result of vegetation that has badly decomposed due to a lack of oxygen, this water-logged soil offers a unique habitat to the species living here. Such species are well adapted to this environment and most could not survive elsewhere. The Lac-des-Rouges-Truites peat bog is home to many species. Examples are rare species such as sphagnum obtusum: a sphagnum, peat moss, which only exists in France in a peat bog in the Cantal and here; and the round-mouthed whorl snail, a very small snail that was once believe to be extinct in France, before being found only here in 2014.

The lack of oxygen in a peat bog prevents dead plants from decomposing. This results in an accumulation of organic matter, creating a sort of spongy earth that is referred to as peat moss. This peat moss was once extracted in bricks and dried during good weather. It was used as fuel, in wood burners when wood was sparse in the Jura.  This exploitation continued for many centuries. Deep trenches are still visible in the Jura peat bogs, ensuring that the peat that has not been exploited dries out.

Les forêts ont de tout temps été utilisées par l’homme pour la chasse, la cueillette, le chauffage, la construction… Ce fût Louis XIV qui instaura le Code forestier pour réguler l’exploitation des bois. Dans le Haut-Jura, les moines défricheurs ont d’abord façonné la forêt en la défrichant et l’exploitant, permettant ainsi l’installation de la population et le développement des vallées. Aujourd’hui, la forêt est exploitée mais a aussi pour but de préserver le paysage, de fixer les sols, en limitant leur érosion et les chutes de pierre.LE COIN DES ENFANTS L’ambiance sombre et mystérieuse de la forêt a inspiré de nombreux contes et histoires. Lesquels connais-tu? Les contes racontés aux enfants, comme le petit poucet, blanche-neige, le petit chaperon rouge. Mais aussi les grands romans du moyen âge, comme la légende du roi Arthur, le roman de renard, et des livres plus contemporains.

Among the birds of prey on the Mont-Noir, the common buzzard is probably the easiest to spot. Its habitat is very varied. They build their nests in trees, often in the woods, and They use meadows and marshes as hunting grounds. Its diet is mainly comprised of small mammals, but also of reptiles, amphibians and insects. When hunting, it must first locate its prey: either by circling overhead - up to 100 metres above ground - or by perching in wait for long periods of time.

Although well known, the mallard is good at being discreet and hiding between the reeds when necessary. This bird has an excellent ability to adapt and is a specialist in quickly taking flight if it feels threatened. It can even reach speeds of up to 80km/h! Found in all types of humid environments, it favours reedbeds as they provide vital shelter to the mallard and its family. It generally feeds on seeds and plants, but it sometimes hunts small invertebrate molluscs on the water surface. It is worth noting that males and females have different plumage.

Mainly comprised of high vegetation, dominated by reeds - hence the name - it provides shelter to many birds and insects such as ducks and fireflies. Dead reeds are often the main components when the Jura peat bogs form. It is a very hardy plant, with deep roots which easily acclimate to these marshes. Under certain conditions, reeds can become “invasive”, and spread in the peat bog, “suffocating” the other lower plants. Climate change and air pollution seem to encourage this.

The tram line you are on was opened in 1907. It passed through Lac des Rouges Truites and linked Clairvaux-les-Lacs to Foncine-le-Haut and served Saint-Laurent-en-Grandvaux. Like all Jura tram lines, due to lack of profit and competition from the development of bus services and automobiles, it closed in 1938. Will you be able to find the old station in the hamlet of Thévenins on returning to Bugnon?

Here, the peripheries of peat bogs are still grazed on. These wet meadows, which are characterised by the presence of a large amount of water in the soil, are also very rich for biodiversity. Some flowers, such as the bird’s-eye primrose, particularly flourish here. These are also areas of transition between the rest of the valley and the peat bog, and between the lake and the river. They filter water through the soil, eliminating nitrate, which limits the pollution of groundwater. Their presence is therefore vital to properly maintain a peat bog.

The High-Jura is a land of many legends that likes to keep its secrets. Rumour has resulted in four different version relating the origin of the name Lac des Rouges Truites: Poetic: every evening, when the sun sets, trout take on a crimson hue due to the rays’ reflection on the lake. Practical: the trout are salmon trout. Physical: the water is said to contain iron oxide. Military: the lake is said to have been the site of a bloody battle. Every day, night falls over the lake, taking with it the mystery of its name. Schubert anyone?

Spread across 1873 hectares, the Mont Noir massif is one of the largest Jura forests. It is currently made up of dark-leaved trees, such as fir, spruce and beechwood, hence its name. Stags, boar and roe deer live here alongside the lynx and the western capercaillie. Wood exploitation is an important economic activity for our mountains. However, the forest also accommodates hikers wishing to take long works on the waymarked paths, both during summer and winter. Share this area and be careful if you come across forest works.

Inherited from the icebergs which covered the Jura ten thousand years ago and left behind moraines with water-tight bottoms, a peat bog formed from the accumulation of stagnant water full of cold-resistant plants. The moving soil in peat bogs are made up of a thick carpet of peat moss, on which a few well-adjusted plants are able to grow (cranberry, cottongrass, andromeda, drosera, mountain pine, etc.) These fragile environments are of biological interest and must therefore be preserved.