Located in the heart of Old Lille, the museum is housed in the hospital founded in 1237 by Countess Jeanne de Flandre, which did not close until 1939. The current buildings date from the 15th, 17th and 18th centuries. They consist of a paneled barrel-vaulted patients' ward, a chapel decorated with the coats of arms of the hospital's main benefactors, and the Augustinian sisters' community buildings arranged around two courtyards and a medicinal garden. Since 1962, they have been used as a showcase for paintings, tapestries, carved wood, furniture and earthenware from the region, evoking the interior of a 17th-century Flemish religious house.